Effectiveness Of Joint Collaboration Between Unions And...

Jon Nelson’s goals were to instill a sense of ownership in department managers of Corvallis, Oregon and hold them accountable for delivering high quality, cost-effective services (Brock Campbell, 2000). However, the relationship between labor and management was very confrontational when he assumed the role of city manager. His experiences with collective bargaining were in very traditional bargaining environments and he had very little experience with interest-based bargaining. This case traces the impact on service, costs, and capacity for problem solving, by demonstrating the conduct of collective bargaining, non-bargaining interactions, and contract administration with the city s three bargaining units. This paper explores the effectiveness of joint collaboration between unions and management. Our focus is on the role of collaboration, process, performance, and efficiency as viewed by various city managers. By asking how do different collective bargaining and contract administration processes affect problem solving, conflict resolution, and management responsiveness; how does discussion and interaction with union leaders away from the bargaining table impact bargaining outcomes; and are collaborative processes in labor-relations too time consuming, or do they contribute to problem solving and trust building that save time in the end (Kearny, 2009). It is apparent that Jon Nelson should focus on a more strategic interest based bargaining or high performance work systemShow MoreRelatedEssay about Exploring the Possibility of Merit Pay for Teachers1277 Words   |  6 Pagesit must address a perceived problem (Fowler, 2009). 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Australian Banking Industry

Question: Discuss about theAustralian Banking Industry. Answer: Introduction The retail banking industry takes a significant share of the Australian economy. The country has several big banks stiffly competing each thus offering satisfying services to its large population. Three banks have been selected to help show the exact position of the Australian banking industry. These banks include Commonwealth Bank of Australia, National Australia Bank and Bank of South Australia. The banking industry has undergone transformation based on demographic profiles (Joseph, McClure and Joseph 2009). Essential demographic profiles include experts viewed as a high-value customer due to their multiple potential products holding, age-based segmentation (youth, over 50 and others), lifestyle (graduates, retirees or first home buyers) with a distinct profile of financial motivation and banking needs. Graduates are more probably than average to save for travel, a house deposit as well as car and this suggests that this segment may require a credit card, personal or car loan, home loan, and associated insurance policies shortly (Sathye 2009). The segmentation of the banking industry is being shifted from the product-oriented segments to customer-focused segments. This shift in segmentation has been employed by the three banks. The shift in segmentation follows the realization that customer needs and expectations are changing as fast as the competitive landscape. Statistics indicates the Australian banking industry is taking the lead over other nations as shown below based on percentage of GDP share. Rank Nation Bank share of DGP % 1 Australia 2.9 2 China 2.8 3 Sweden 2.6 4 Canada 2.3 5 Netherlands 1.9 6 Spain 1.8 7 France 1.7 8 Japan 1.4 9 United States 1.2 10 UK 0.9 Winning, retaining as well as deepening customer relationships requires this shift in segmentation. The three banks are currently adopting the trend of lifestyle-based segmentation which avails a 360-degree perception on customer values as it accounts for multiple product holdings and likely future product holdings. Thus, banks can better comprehend both true values of their customers alongside their needs besides likely future behavior. The banks that leverage this idea have a better anticipation of the needs of the customer and can develop customized products as well as services for cross-selling maximization and eventually deepen their customer relationships. The retail banking is profitable particularly through the lifestyle-based segment, and the three backs have continually grown in the banking industry. These banks have persistently become attractive to this segment and other investors who need funds for various investments. Process Approach Model The Process Approach Model is critical in the identification of how banking industry segment business classified as either internal or external processes as well as how such categorization enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of these three banks selected. It is clear from the diagram that process approach used by banks starts from the needs identification to the process through satisfaction. To explain this, we take start by the realization that segmentation should shift from product to customer based on the fundamental need in the industry and narrow this need down to segmentation based on lifestyle. This need then enters the process stage which requires activity 1 to 3 to be performed to categorize it as either internal or external process. Taking the route of activity 1, banks have to undertake three tasks (1, 2 and 3) to categorize this need as an internal or external process. Assuming that task 1 is selected, three operations will be performed to categorize this as an external or internal process. To sum up, shifting the segmentation from product-based to customer-based will be categorized as internal process since it is within the control of a particular bank to choose how it segments the market. Thus, this categorization enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of banks by identifying the particular activity, task, and operation that help serve their customers best based on the identified needs. Supply Chain Systems, Initiatives and Management in the Industry Segment The three banks individually take a keen interest in ensuring effective supply chain systems, initiatives as well as management are in place to meet the demands of the retail banking industry in Australia to serve the lifestyle-based segment satisfactorily. For example, Bank of South Australia has deepened understanding of sustainability by extending its commitment to a wider array of stakeholders as well as interest through effective supply chain initiatives, systems as well as management. The National Australia Bank has distinct itself through the belief in the potential of communities, clients as well as employees which are a source inspirational to the bank to use effective supply chain systems, management as well as initiatives that have a positive impact on its clients as well as communities being served (Sathye 2011). These systems underpin a firm as well as sustainable business for its shareholders. For example, the banks Procurement Policy and Outsourcing Standard remains the global reference point for its procurement practices that articulate its approach to the sourcing and procurement. The bank puts all its supply contracts out tender and uses a pre-determined evaluation matrix that incorporates Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability standards thereby meeting its commitment to OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises as well as Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Through its annual Dig Deeper report, the bank publicly conveys its performa nce in sustainability supply chain management (Sathye 2011). The Commonwealth Bank has made managing the cyclical flow of its supply chain easier based on its supply chain and finance solution initiative. The bank uses its online platform to provide secure access for uploading ones instructions, saving reports as well as integrating seamlessly between the several enterprise's resources planning systems (ERPS) to undertake business anytime. How Banks Use ICTs and Applications to Support B2B Processes The three banks have sought the consultancy services from the world leading Australian software expertise. The Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has invested in Australian IT sector and has provided world-class banking applications for not only these three banks but also the mainstream Australian robust financial service industry. Since TCS is one of the top ten IT firms in the world, these banks have greatly used its products and services to support B2B for both CA and SCA (Bourke 2010). Commonwealth Bank has been the main beneficiary among the three banks, and it is rated as one of the biggest clients to TCS. The banks have benefited from TCSs services due to its ability to continue to develop new software for banking and finance sector which are its critical targets (Kadlec and Mare 2013). The banks have adopted the TCS product TCS BNCS which is a suite of world-class solutions for banks thus making global banking easy. The banks are also adopting the branch automation technologies advanced by TCS that is capable of integrating mobile services, cash recyclers, scanners, printers as well as biometrics into a seamless set of services. The implementation of these technologies will ensure that bank branches become more efficient coupled with a reduction in the cost of business. The banks are also looking forward to adopting the model bank concept being presented by TCS to use a cloud-oriented, software-as-a-service suite of technologies thereby creating a market-ready IT systems which have already being adopted globally to promote B2B (Besimi and Dika 2013). The banks have also adopted a TCS single-app technology which is helpful in digital finance platform by permitting banking clients to utilize a single app across an array of devices and browses. References Besimi, A. and Dika, Z., 2013. B2B or Not B2B? The future of B2B and the role of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises from SEE. In BCI (Local) (p. 158). Bourke, P., 2010. Concentration and other determinants of bank profitability in Europe, North America and Australia. Journal of Banking Finance, 13(1), pp.65-79. Joseph, M., McClure, C. and Joseph, B., 2009. Service quality in the banking sector: the impact of technology on service delivery. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 17(4), pp.182-193. Kadlec, P. and Mare, M., 2013. B2B eCommerce Opportunity for SMEs. Systems Integration, 537. Sathye, M., 2009. Adoption of Internet banking by Australian consumers: an empirical investigation. International Journal of bank marketing, 17(7), pp.324-334. Sathye, M., 2011. X-efficiency in Australian banking: An empirical investigation. Journal of Banking Finance, 25(3), pp.613-630.

Integrated Marketing Communications free essay sample

Definition: Integrated Marketing Communication Definition: IMC is a concept of marketing communications planning that recognizes the added value of a comprehensive plan that evaluates the strategic roles of a variety of communications disciplines – for example, general advertising, direct response, sales promotion, and public relations – and combines these disciplines to provide clarity, consistency, and maximum communications impact by The American Association of Advertising Agencies (the 4A’s) The Emergence of IMC The Market revolution forcing a movement towards IMC: †¢ †¢ A shift of marketing dollars from media advertising to other forms of promotion, particularly consumer and trade oriented sales promotions A movement away from relying on advertising-focused approaches, which emphasize mass media such as television and national magazines, to solve communication problems A shift in marketplace power from the manufacturer to the retailer The rapid growth and development of database marketing Demands for greater accountability from advertising agencies and changes in the way agencies are compensated The rapid growth of the Internet, which is changing the very nature of how companies do business and the ways they communicate and interact with consumers †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ The Role of Marketing Communication Marketing communication performs several functions for consumers: †¢ Consumers are told how the product is used, by what kind of person, and where and when †¢ Consumers learn about who makes the product and what the company and the brand stand for †¢ It allows companies to link their brands to other people, places, events, brands, experiences, feelings, and things †¢ It also contributed to brand equity by establishing the brand in memory and crafting a brand image Marketing communication contributes specifically to brand equity in the following ways: †¢ By creating awareness of the brand †¢ Linking the right associations to the brand image in the consumer’s memory †¢ Eliciting positive brand judgments or feelings †¢ Facilitating a stronger consumer-brand connection Marketing Communication Forms Marketing communication consists of 6 major modes of communication: Advertising: Any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor Sales Promotion: A variety of short-term incentives to encourage trial or purchase of a product or a service Events and Experiences: Company sponsored activities and programs designed to create daily or special brandrelated interactions Public relations and publicity A variety of programs designed to promote or protect a company’s image or its individual products Direct marketing: Use of mail, telephone, fax, e-mail, or internet to communicate directly with or solicit response or dialogue from specific customers or prospects Personal selling: Face-to-face interaction with one or more prospective purchasers for the purpose of making presentations, answering questions, and procuring orders Advertising Sales Promotion Events

Evaluation of an iq test essays

Evaluation of an iq test essays Evaluation of an IQ test : Analysing the Reliability and Validity of the Psygat This study involved the examination of a newly developed intelligence test, the Psygat, in order to assess its reliability and construct validity. A group of 268 psychology students, with an average age of 22.37 were asked to complete the Psygat tests after completing two other intelligence tests, a Culture Fair test and a Verbal IQ test. The results of the Psygat were then analysed for internal reliability through a split half analysis based on age. The construct validity of the Psygat was examined through the analysis of the test scores against the other two intelligence tests. The hypothesis that the test would show significant internal reliability as well construct validity when measured against the other two tests was supported, although inconsistencies with the Culture Fair IQ test were detected for the younger age group. It was concluded that the evidence suggests that the Psygat is a test that could be validly used as an assessment of verbal intelligence, but further investi gation is required regarding the tests use for the assessment of culture fair parameters. While countless intelligence tests have been developed over the last century, the need for strict policing over the construction and administration of tests in order to prevent misuse has been well established. As far back as 1944 Lawson (1944,1992) identified significant problems with the construction and use of intelligence tests and proposed strict guidelines. Since then, the number of tests in common use has increased dramatically, with their importance in the functioning of the community being advanced considerably. However, despite the best efforts of the international psychology community, concern has been growing in recent years over the misuse of psychological testing, including intelligence tests (Turner et al, 2001, Daniel 1997), with at least some of this concern being dire...

Coulombs Law Definition in Science

Coulomb's Law Definition in Science Coulombs law is a physical  law stating the force between two charges is proportional to the amount of charge on both charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The law is also known as Coulombs inverse square law. Coulombs Law Equation The formula for Coulomb law is used to express the force through which stationary charged particles attract or repel one another. The force is attractive if the charges attract each other (have opposite signs) or repulsive if the charges have like signs. The scalar form of Coulombs law is:F kQ1Q2/r2 or F ∠ Q1Q2/r2wherek Coulombs constant (9.0Ãâ€"109 N m2 C−2) F force between the chargesQ1 and Q2 amount of charger distance between the two charges A vector form of the equation is also available, which may be used to indicate both the magnitude and direction of the force between the two charges. There are three requirements which must be met in order to use Coulombs law: The charges must be stationary with respect to each other.The charges must be non-overlapping.The charges must be either point charges or else otherwise spherically symmetrical in shape. History Ancient people were aware certain objects could attract or repel each other. At the time, the nature of electricity and magnetism was not understood, so the underlying principle behind magnetic attraction/repulsion versus the attraction between an amber rod and fur was thought to be the same. Scientists in the 18th century suspected the force of the attraction or repulsion diminished based on the distance between two objects. Coulombs law was published by French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb in 1785. It may be used to derive Gausss law. The law is considered to be analogous to Newtons inverse square law of gravity. Sources Baigrie, Brian (2007). Electricity and Magnetism: A Historical Perspective. Greenwood Press. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-0-313-33358-3Stewart, Joseph (2001). Intermediate Electromagnetic Theory. World Scientific. p. 50. ISBN 978-981-02-4471-2

Experience of Pine Point Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Experience of Pine Point - Assignment Example The PinPoint narrative is mostly similar to the traditional documentary formats. It is expository. Expository documentary formats have voiceovers accompanied by videos or images that counterpoint or prove a point. In the Pine Point documentary, for example, under the title ‘Ends and Odds’, there is man’s voice describing the features of the town of Pine Point. There is then a video showing these features as the voice speaks. The videos and the images that are shown during the voiceovers provide evidence of the features and activities of Pine Point. The Pine Point documentary also has observational mode sessions. The observational mode is where there are no voiceovers, no interviews, the documentary maker is not shown, and the subject pretends that he or she is not being filmed. Under the title ‘town’, this mode of documentation is evident. There are just video shots of the location. The documentary is also similar to a book format. At the end of the p resentation, it is indicated that the documentary was meant to be a book. Even so, from the beginning to the end, one can recognize the introduction and the chapters which are typical of book writing or academic reports. 3. What did the experience make you feel about the town? I feel confused because I do not understand how a whole town could just vanish. In one of the chapters, a Pine Pointer revisited the town and found out that not much had changed. The houses were still there. This could only mean that the lost town story is fiction.

Geopolitics as a Field of Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Geopolitics as a Field of Knowledge - Essay Example It is at this point that geopolitics meets the requirements of a field of knowledge, being close to geography (Colledge 1). The relationship between geopolitics and geography is made clear through the following example: When choosing a region for establishing their state governors are likely to prefer an area which has â€Å"natural barriers, such as mountains, so that its security costs are low† (Lind 182). The specific phenomenon implies that an individual cannot take effective geopolitical decisions unless he is aware of the characteristics and potentials of a region in terms of geography. The relationship between geopolitics and geography, as explained above, reveals another dimension/ characteristic of geopolitics: the potential of this concept to have the form of a policy practice. In the example presented above, the policymaker has to be based on geographical data, as related to an area, in order to decide which region offers most advantages as a center of social and economic life. At this point, geopolitics interacts with the political theory. Reference is made especially to the â€Å"republican security theory† (Lind 182) which is based on the following perception: â€Å"a democratic republic can survive only if its security costs are low† (Lind 182). However, such target cannot be achieved unless particular methods are employed. Primarily, a military force that is able to protect the republic from its enemies needs to be organized (Lind 182). Such plan can be effectively developed only through the identification of appropriate methods; it is at thi s point that geopolitics shows its characteristic as a set of methods. The use of geopolitics in developing critical state decisions is understood through the example of Britain: British preferred to establish their state in a region that is surrounded by water so that enemies are discouraged from invading in British territory (Lind 182).