Organic Baby Food - 884 Words

Organic Baby Food Stacy Adams Strayer University Lionel DeSouza MKT/500 May 29, 2011 Organic Baby Food Organic Baby food would be monitoring the relationships with the business collaborators, the business strengths: the 5Cs, and their customers (Iacobucci, 2010). Integrated marketing communication is integration of all marketing tools, approaches, and resources within a company which maximizes impact on consumer mind and which results into maximum profit at minimum cost. Generally marketing starts from â€Å"Marketing Mix†. Integrated Marketing Communication (promotion) is the fourth component of Organic Baby food marketing plan. Being an international company trying to export its organic baby food†¦show more content†¦Broadcasting (e-communication) imitates the capability to advance frequent communications for subcategories of the business market. Electronic communications is collaborating; which involves listeners in lively, two-way communications. In e-communication, the situation is reversed; consumers play the leading role. With traditional mass media consumers are exposed to a barrage of advertisements and commercials which he or she have no choice but to change the channel, turn the page, or watch the entire advertisement. Consumers have no decision-making ability at that moment. He or she decides which advertisement to watch and how. This is a vital knowledge of the basic values and ethics of internet promotion. Traditional promotion ideas should be converted in order to create a successful internet advertisement. For these reasons, Organic Baby food would examine the main techniques and estimate the main characteristics of internet advertisement in order to touch a wider specific clientele. Fluctuating prices on the world commodity markets give organic producers an insecure existence. The farmers as well as store owners export business in vegetables and grains which are controlled by a marketing board. Furthermore, volumes of organic foods are in an agreement a â€Å"baby food agreement†. The goal is to avoid unnecessaryShow MoreRelatedHeinz And Beech Nut Case Study Solution1903 Words   |  8 Pagesmaker of Beech-Nut, for $185 million Heinz decided to no longer pursue the deal (Labaton, 2001). The three major producers of baby food companies at the time were Gerber who still maintains a solid hold on the first place slot. Gerber has a significant presence in the baby consumer products arena, being that most companies that carry baby products typically carry Gerber baby food (Wilmer, Cutler and Pickering, 2017). The second and third place slots were held by Heinz and Beech-Nut. In an effort toRead MoreEntrepreneurship Failure1466 Words   |   6 PagesU.S baby food industry when it established its operations in the year 2006. The company was set up in Long Island City, New York. Petite Palate specialized in producing baby food, and targeted Northeast and Midwest markets of the United States. At the time the company started its operations, the market had become significantly competitive due to the number of players that had already established operations in prior years. On the same note, the enterprise was essentially a gourmet baby food companyRead MoreConsumer Behavior And Attitudes Of Organic Foods1295 Words   |  6 Pagespurchase organic foods†2 . Indicators that influence a consumer’s choice of whether to purchase organic foods were consistent across most studies: consumers cited health benefits, animal welfare, environmental conditions, and food safety as motivators for purchasing organic foods2,3,4,5,6,7. Alternatively, consumers cite high prices, lack of availability, skepticism toward certification boards’ approving items as organic, and cosmetic defects as reasons they may choose not to purchase organic food products6Read More Organic Farming Produces Organic Food1220 Words   |  5 Pagescan Pronounce It The word Organic can be defined in multiple ways but what the word basically means that the product is derived from living matter. Organic farming produces organic food. The goal is to encourage soil and water conservation, reduce pollution, and constrain conventional methods to fertilize and control weeds. According to the U.S Food and Drug Administration â€Å"The term organic is not defined by law or regulations FDA enforces.† Foods that are organic does not necessarily meanRead MoreBenefits And Benefits Of Organic Foods950 Words   |  4 PagesBenefits of Organic Foods Sales of organic food have risen steadily over the past couple of years, reaching nearly $30 billion in 2011, or 4.2% of all U.S. food and beverage sales, (Adams). Many people believe that organic foods are ultimately the better choice when it comes to health due to the absence of pesticides and hormones. But other people—especially those whose food budgets may be more defined—wonder if organic food is really worth the inflated price tag. Despite the price, Organic foods are worthRead MoreWhole Foods Market, 2005: Will There Be Enough Organic Food to Satisfy the Growing Demand?1485 Words   |  6 PagesCase 11 Whole Foods Market, 2005: Will there be enough organic food to satisfy the growing demand? Summary Whole food market is the world’s leading retailer of natural and organic food industry. A firm believer in the virtuous circle entwining food chain, human being and mother earth, they conduct their business true and consistent to their business mission and vision by producing the highest quality of products for its customers and high profits for its investors. Being a philanthropist andRead MoreOrganic Food And Its Effects On The Environment1411 Words   |  6 Pages Organic Food â€Å"To eat is a necessity, but to eat intelligently is an art† (Francois De La Rochefoucauld). For the past few years organic food has become very popular among today s society. The topic has been spread across headlines of magazines for example, mens and womans health magazine. Organic food has made for very intriguing and diverse conversions on documentaries, talk shows, and health seminars. Organic food is plain and simple it is the process in which theRead MoreWhole Foods Market: Will There Be Enough Organic Food to Satisfy the Growing Demand?944 Words   |  4 PagesWhole Foods Market: Will There Be Enough Organic Food to Satisfy the Growing Demand? Kaplan University School of Business and Management MT 460 Management Policy and Strategy Tosha Collins Dr. K. Peterson 2/5/12 Introduction Whole Foods, founded by John Mackey, is one of the largest natural food grocery chains that is trying to bring a more organic and natural way of buying and consuming foods to its consumer base. In order to provide this to consumers, it is important that Whole Foods continuesRead MoreTrader Joe S Writeup1124 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Trader Joe’s No average Joe Trader Joe’s is an American privately held chain of grocery stores founded by Joe Coulombe. Trader Joe’s have been successful business for long time with their unique innovative strategy of selling natural and organic food products with only one brand of an item for low price. Their unique culture of relaxed beach environment and helpful knowledgeable employees makes their customer to stay loyal to the brand. Eighty percent of Trader Joe’s has in-house products thatRead MoreWhole Foods Value Chain1282 Words   |  6 Pages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Page 5 Introduction Whole Foods started in 1980 when it’s CEO, John Mackey merged his store, SaferWay, with a competitor, Clarksville Natural Grocery. Since then, Whole Foods has expanded to 275 locations in North America and United Kingdom with 47,000 employees, making it the world’s leading supermarket retailer of natural and organic products (Harbin and Humphrey, 2013). With a mission to promote the vitality and well- being of individuals, Whole Foods strives to maintain the strictest

Satan s Location And Physical Attributes - 1096 Words

Lucifer is the infamous angel who rebelled against God in hopes of becoming a God himself. He constructed an army of angels in opposition of God. Despite this, Lucifer was incapable of defeating God and was struck down from the Garden of Eden to hell. In Dante Alighieri’s Inferno, Dante and Virgil encounter Lucifer in the last circle of hell before they ascend to Purgatory. It is here in the circle of Judecca that Lucifer had been condemned for eternity as a result of his treachery against God. In my essay, I will argue that Lucifer’s location and physical attributes ironically reflect qualities of God in such a way that Lucifer becomes mocked. Dante Alighieri utilizes Lucifer’s characterization to illuminate the force of God’s divine power in The Divine Comedy. Before exploring the relationship between Lucifer’s location and Jesus Christ’s tomb, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, I will first explain how the church is relative to the Divine C omedy despite its Christian Orthodox origin. During the first crusade, a Florentine noble named Pazzino de’ Pazzi â€Å"scaled the walls of Jerusalem† and was awarded pieces from the Holy Sepulchre that he brought back to Florence (Murray 613). This started a traditional Easter festival called â€Å"le scoppio del carro,† meaning â€Å"explosion of the cart,† that occurs every Easter in Florence (Murray 613), which is where Alighieri lived. The relevancy of this historical event during Alighieri’s life and city makes it incredibly likely that he wasShow MoreRelatedEssay on Romanticism4035 Words   |  17 PagesRomanticism In spite of its representation of potentially diabolical and satanic powers, its historical and geographic location and its satire on extreme Calvinism, James Hoggs Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner proves to be a novel that a dramatises a crisis of identity, a theme which is very much a Romantic concern. Discuss. Examination of Romantic texts provides us with only a limited and much debated degree of commonality. However despite the disparity of Romanticism (orRead MoreEssay about Billy Budd Ap English Iii3345 Words   |  14 Pagesship that set sail in June 1839. In January of 1841, he sailed again on a whaler named Acushnet and embarked on an excursion to the South Seas; and later the same year he enrolled on an Australian whaler, Lucy Ann, which anchored Tahiti. These two locations are where he found his inspiration for his first novel, Typee (1846), and his second novel Omoo (1847), which both describe Melville’s somewhat romanticized version of his experiences on these islands. Over the next decade, Melville wrote seven moreRead MoreInfluence Of Western Customs Of Wedding Essay9329 Words   |  38 Pages3 Influence of Western Customs of wedding on Islamic marriage 18 2.4 Conceptual Framework 21 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY 22 3.0 Introduction 22 3.1 Research Design 22 3.2 Variables 22 3.2.1 Independent Variables 22 3.2.2 Dependent Variable 23 3.3 Location of the Study 23 3.4 Target Population 23 3.5 Sampling and Sample Size 23 3.5.1 Sampling 23 3.5.2 Sample Size 24 3.6 Research Instruments 25 3.6.1 In-depth Interviews 25 3.6.2 Semi-structured Questionnaire 26 3.7 Reliability and Validity 26 3.8 DataRead MoreCissp Study Guide67657 Words   |  271 Pagesvalidity. Ownership is the correct answer in this statement. However, here is a reference. Fundamentally important to any security program s success us the senior management s high-level statement of commitment to the information security policy process and a senior management s understanding of how important security controls and protections are to the enterprise s continuity. Senior management must be Pass Any Exam. Any Time. - www..com 4 Ac tua lTe sts Explanation: Information securityRead MoreISLAMIC BELIEFS OBSERVANCES LAWS15412 Words   |  62 Pagesand true believers. The Quran says, Allah and his angels shower blessings on the Prophet. They help the believers in adverse conditions like the battle of Badr when 1,000 angels descended to help out the Muslims in the battlefield. Angels are Allah s servants who carry out all the orders and commandments of Allah. The Quran says, By angels who govern the affairs entrusted to them. Some angels have been given particular tasks. The Archangel Jibrail, who gave glad tidings of Holy son to Mariam, deliveredRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pageslicensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. That is, you are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions: (1) Attribution You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author, namely by citing his name, the book title, and the relevant page numbers (but not in any way that suggests that the book Logical Reasoning or its author endorse you or your use of the work). (2)

The Consumer Guarantees Free Essays

The Consumer Guarantees Act is a cornerstone piece of legislation. Its role is to protect consumers. Under the Act, your consumer rights are expressed as a series of â€Å"guarantees† that a seller automatically makes to you when you buy any goods or services ordinarily purchased for personal use. We will write a custom essay sample on The Consumer Guarantees or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this guide, we explain what those rights are, and what to do if you think your rights have been breached. The Consumer Guarantees Act 1993 A Summary Introduction: The Act came into force on 1 April 1994 and does not apply to any contract for the supply of goods or services made before this date (Section 56). It is a significant piece of legislation and is aimed at imposing guarantees in contracts for the supply of goods and the performance of services for the consumers benefit. It provides a right of redress against suppliers and manufacturers in respect of any failure of the goods or services to comply with the guarantees. Definitions: Certain terms are defined in the Act itself (Section 2). These definitions are important in determining in what circumstances the Act will or will not apply. The Act defines â€Å"Goods†, â€Å"Service†, â€Å"Supplier†, â€Å"Manufacturer†, â€Å"trade†, and other terms. The key definition in the Act is â€Å"Consumer†. This is defined to mean a person who:- (a) Acquires from a supplier goods or services of a kind ordinarily acquired for personal, domestic, or household use or consumption; and (b) Does not acquire the goods or services, or hold himself or herself out as acquiring the goods or services, for the purpose of: (i) Re-supplying them in trade; or  (ii) Consuming them in the course of a process of production or manufacture; or (iii) In the case of goods, repairing or treating in trade other goods or fixtures on land.† The definition of â€Å"Consumer† is unusual and difficult. The focus is the ordinary use for which goods or services are acquired rather than the use intended by the acquiring purchaser. By way of example a contract for the supply of crockery to a company that owns a restaurant will be a contract of supply of goods subject to the Act because although intended for commercial use, crockery is ordinarily acquired for personal, domestic or household use and consumption. As far as the services supplied by travel agents are concerned it would be best to proceed on the basis that virtually all of the services will be viewed as a kind ordinarily acquired for personal or domestic use or consumption with the consequence that the Act will apply to those services. Guarantees: The Act establishes one set of guarantees which apply in relation to the supply of goods and a different set of guarantees which apply in relation to the supply of services. This summary deals only with the guarantees which the Act imposes in relation to the supply of services. TAANZ also has a summary of the guarantees which are imposed by the Act in relation to the supply of goods and if a member has a problem involving the guarantees applicable to supply of goods the member can obtain a copy of that summary by contacting the TAANZ office. Guarantees in Respect of the Supply of Services Where services are supplied to a consumer there are four guarantees provided by Part IV of the Act. These are:- (i) Guarantee as to Reasonable Care and Skill (Section 28). A guarantee that services will be carried out with reasonable skill and care. This guarantee restates in statutory form the existing common law obligations on Travel Agents to exercise the skill and care of a reasonable competent professional travel agent in performing their services. The guarantee does not extend the existing legal obligations of a travel agent to act with reasonable skill and care in the performance of their function on behalf of their customers. Travel Agents had these obligations before the Act was passed. (ii) Guarantee as to Fitness for Particular Purpose (Section 29) A guarantee that the service, and any product resulting from the service, will be reasonably fit for any particular purpose, and of such a nature and quality that it can reasonably be expected to achieve any particular result that the consumer made known to the supplier. This, the second guarantee, is significant and establishes a new liability on travel agents in relation to the performance of services for customers. The Section (Section 29) requires the consumer to have made known his or her purpose to the travel agent at or before the time of making the contract for supply of services for the customer. The difficulty with this particular guarantee is that it is possible that travel agents may be liable for the actions or defaults of other suppliers of product where the other suppliers fail to perform at the levels expected of them. By way of example, if a customer makes known particular needs in terms of a holiday, for example, a resort which contains a golf course and tennis courts, and the travel agent recommends a particular resort as being able to provide those services and facilities, if the resort (for whatever reason) fails to provide those facilities then the travel agent may be liable. Accordingly, this particular guarantee has the capacity to extend the liability of the travel agent to include failures on the part of the suppliers of the actual facilities of travel accommodation. This particular guarantee is modified in part by Section 33 of the Act which states that there shall be no right of redress against a supplier under the Act in respect of a service or any product resulting from a service which fails to comply with that guarantee only as to fitness for particular purpose if it fails to comply with that guarantee only because of any act, or default, or omission of, or any representation made by any person other than the supplier or an agent or servant of the supplier. TAANZ members should nevertheless take special care when they are dealing with a customer who has specified a particular purpose or that the arrangements which are made for him are to have a particular nature or quality or to achieve a particular result. In such cases the travel agent should be aware that if the customer complains that the programme or plan prepared by the travel agent did not satisfy the particular purpose or provide the facilities of the nature and quality specified by the customer then there is considerable potential for the customer to take action against the travel agent pursuant to this particular guarantee. This guarantee will not apply where the circumstances show that the consumer does not rely on the suppliers’ skill or judgment, or, it is unreasonable for the consumer to rely on the suppliers’ skill or judgment. TAANZ members should also ensure that their professional indemnity policy will cover them for breaches of this guarantee in circumstances when they have not been negligent. A more detailed analysis of this section is contained in the case studies which appear at the end of this summary. (iii) Guarantee as to Time of Completion (Section 30) A guarantee that the service will be completed within a reasonable time in any case where the time is not fixed by the contract nor a method for calculating the time provided in the contract. This guarantee is not likely at a practical level to create problems for travel agents. Travel agents do not have problems completing their tasks with a reasonable time frame. Modern technology enables travel agents to carry out reservation and booking work virtually instantaneously and the consumer is frequently advised at the time of enquiry as to whether seats or accommodation are available at the relevant time. (iii) Guarantee as to Price (Section 31) A guarantee that the consumer is not liable to pay to the supplier more than a reasonable price for the service in any case where the price is not fixed in the contract nor a method for calculating the price provided in the contract. When there is failure to comply with this guarantee the consumers right of redress is to refuse to pay more than a reasonable price. Here again the nature of the services provided by travel agents and the basis on which they are remunerated mean that from a practical point of view this guarantee is not likely to be one which affects travel agents in any significant way. Rights of Redress Against Suppliers In Respect of Supply of Services Where the supplier of a service fails to comply with the guarantees a consumer may exercise certain remedies depending on whether the failure can be remedied or not (Section 32). Where a failure can be remedied the consumer may require the supplier to remedy it within a reasonable time. If the supplier neglects or refuses to do so within a reasonable time a consumer may have the failure remedied elsewhere at the suppliers’ cost, or, cancel the contract for the supply of service in accordance with the requirements of the Act. Where a failure cannot be remedied or is of a substantial character the consumer may cancel the contract in accordance with the requirements of the Act or obtain damages in compensation of any reduction in value of the product of a service below the charge paid or payable by the consumer. â€Å"substantial character† is defined in the Act (Section 36). In either situation (can be remedied; cannot be remedied) the consumer can claim damages for any loss reasonably foreseeable as liable to result from the failure. The exception is that no right of redress is available against a supplier in respect of a service or any product resulting from a service which fails to comply with the guarantee as to fitness for a particular purpose (Section 29) or the guarantee as to time for completion (Section 30) if the cause is independent of human control or caused by an act or default or representation made by any person other than the supplier or servant or agent of the supplier (Section 33). Right to Cancellation: Once the right of cancellation has arisen Section 37 of the Act sets out the rules applying to cancellation. Cancellation does not take effect until made known to the supplier, or where it is not reasonably practicable to communicate with the supplier, by means which are reasonable in the circumstances. Cancellation may be made known by words or conduct (Section 37). However, where there is a provision in the contract of supply requiring notice of cancellation in writing this provision will apply (Section 37(3)). Where a consumer cancels a contract for the supply of services the consumer is entitled to a refund of money or other consideration paid less any amount the Court or a Disputes Tribunal orders that the supplier may retain (Section 38). Contracting Out: Section 43 deals expressly with contracting out of the Act. The Act is to have effect notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in any agreement (Section 43). To purport to contract out of the Act is deemed to be an offence under the Fair Trading Act 1986 (a false representation) and fines of up to $200,000 for corporations and $60,000 for individuals may be imposed. The principal exception to the prohibition against contracting out is where the supply of goods or services is to a consumer who acquires the goods or services for business purposes. Where this criteria is satisfied an agreement to contract out of the provisions of the Act must be in writing and record that the supply is for â€Å"business purposes’ How to cite The Consumer Guarantees, Essay examples

Dont blame democracy Essay Example For Students

Dont blame democracy Essay Productivity in most sectors has improved dramatically in the past 200 years, but not in jobs such as the arts, teaching, law and health care, which require a high level of personal input. For those working in such jobs to have anything like a contemporary standard of living, the relative cost of their services must be much higher than it was in the past. As price goes up, supply shrinks. Essential but low-profit industries migrate to the public sector, and government is blamed for spending more than it takes in. It is said that the problem of our age is that government spending is out of control. Capitalism is doing fine, but government has gone to hell. It cannot control itself or its appetites. Its wants are unlimited and threaten the stability of the society. We must change the government and change the Constitution, even change the ways of democracy. Indeed, it is argued that representative democracy doesnt work. Nonsense. Democracy works as well as it ever did. But government is suffering from Baumols disease. Its not a fatal malady, but it wont go away. And it can be managed if only it is understood. Baumols disease is the construct named for William J. Baumol of New York University. (He calls it the cost disease of the personal services, but his fellow academics call it after him.) It is first set forth in his work Performing Arts: The Economic Dilemma, written with William G. Bowen in 1966. Suppose, Baumol says, a particular service is deemed indispensable, such that we feel that supply must be maintained. Simple. The relative cost of that service will rise. And rise. Start at the beginning. How many man/woman hours are required to produce one weekend of baby-sitting for a two-year-old grandson? Answer, making allowance for light sleep and naps, approximately 80 hours per unit of production. (Details on request.) It was the same a century ago and will be the same a century hence. Same story in kindergarten, high school, college classes. Same size as a century ago. The performing arts are notorious. The Globe Theatre got back the production cost of a play in one week, which is why Shakespeare saw 37 of his plays produced. It would take a year today. A recent issue of the New Yorker noted that when the magazine first hit the stands in 1923, there were 228 shows on Broadway. This was a drop from 1,500 in 1910. Today there are 19. A play still takes three hours to produce and so the relative price of actors also keeps going up, and supply shrinks. One of Baumols discoveries is the persistence in the patterns of differences in productivity growth between economic sectors. In his Philosophical Society paper he writes: This cost disease phenomenon occurs when the services are plagued by the cumulative and persistent rises in their costs, increases that normally exceed to a significant degree the corresponding rate of increase for commodities generally, i.e. almost always outstrip the economys rate of inflation. The services in question, which I call The Stagnant Services, include, most notably, health care, education, legal services, welfare programs for the poor, postal service, police protection, sanitation services, repair services, the performing arts, restaurant services. The common element that characterizes them all is the handicraft attribute of their supply process. Notice anything? Education, welfare, police, sanitation. All these are public sector activities, or mostly so. Is this immutably the case? Not that long ago, all of the above were in the private sector. Let me offer a subtext to Baumol. Activities with cost disease migrate to the public sector. Hence our quarter-century turmoil over the cost of government and, now, the size of the deficit. .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 , .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 .postImageUrl , .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 , .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802:hover , .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802:visited , .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802:active { border:0!important; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802:active , .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802 .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua52e21da61cef3c0db4caa97ccbb3802:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Invasion of a cornfield EssayThe great migration in our case took place during the John-son-Nixon years, roughly 1964 to 1972. Look back at Baumols list. Almost every item can be matched up with a Great Society or New Federal-ism initiative. Medicare, Head Start, Legal Services, Child Nutrition, Safe Streets, Clean Water, the National Endowment for the Arts. From modest beginnings great expenditures grew, and conservatives got alarmed. In the early Reagan years, a budget crisis was deliberately allowed to develop in the expectation that these costs would be cut back. In David Stockmans account, once a $100-billion deficit appeared we would have thecraven politicians pinned to the wall. They would have to dismantlebloated, wasteful and unjust spending enterprisesor risk national ruin. He had made fiscal necessity the mother of all political invention. Well, not quite. The cuts never came, and in place of tax-and-spend we got borrow-and-spend. The problem was not craven politicians but cost disease. In no time we were a debtor nationthe price of not keeping up with the literature. It is now the liberals turn to face this reality. Or else fail as conservatives failed. The basic liberal argumentcomplaint would be the better termis that we dont spend enough. But cost disease decrees that on matters of special concern to liberals, you can never spend enough. In Baumols words, these activities are condemned to a pattern of spiraling increases in their real prices that appears to put them beyond the reach of both the individual and the state. This is, however, only appearance. As productivity brings the cost of commodities down, more can be spent on services without any decline in consumption of goods. Health care reform will be the test. Baumols message is profoundly hopeful: As long as productivity is growing in the economy as a whole, it makes no matter that it is laggard in some sectors. The great educational task, as he writes, is getting the public to recognize the difference between the reality and the illusion in the behavior of costs. Daniel Patrick Moynihan is the Democratic senator from New York. This essay first appeared in the Washington Post.